<html><head><meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"></head><body><pre style="word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">\chapter{å…¥é—¨}

\section{Hello, World!}
\label{sec:hello_world}
æŠŠä¸‹é¢ä¾‹å­ç”¨ç¼–è¾‘å™¨ä¿å­˜ä¸º~\verb|hello_world.tex|ï¼Œè¿™å°±æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªæœ€ç®€å•çš„~\LaTeX~æºæ–‡ä»¶ã€‚

\begin{code}
%hello_world.tex
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
    Hello, World!
\end{document}
\end{code}

æœ‰äº†æºæ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬å¯ä»¥åœ¨å‘½ä»¤è¡ŒæŠŠå®ƒç¼–è¯‘æˆ~DVI~æ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆDVI~æ&nbsp;¼å¼è§\ref{sec:dvi}å°èŠ‚ï¼‰ã€‚æ­¤å‘½ä»¤çŸ¥é“è¾“å…¥çš„æ˜¯~\LaTeX~æºæ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¿™é‡Œçš„~\verb|.tex|~åŽç¼€å¯ä»¥çœç•¥ã€‚ä»¥åŽçš„ç¤ºä¾‹ä¸­å¯ä»¥çœç•¥çš„åŽç¼€éƒ½ç”¨~\verb|()|~æ&nbsp;‡å‡ºï¼Œä¸å†ç‰¹åˆ«å£°æ˜Žã€‚
\begin{code}
latex hello_world(.tex)
\end{code}

å¦‚æžœç³»ç»Ÿæ˜¾ç¤ºç±»ä¼¼ä¸‹é¢çš„é”™è¯¯ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œè¯·æ£€æŸ¥æºæ–‡ä»¶æ˜¯å¦æœ‰æ‹¼å†™é”™è¯¯ã€‚\verb|.log|~æ–‡ä»¶é‡Œæœ‰æ›´è¯¦ç»†çš„ç¼–è¯‘ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚
\begin{code}
! LaTeX Error:
...
! Emergency stop.
...
No pages of output.
Transcript written on hello_world.log.
\end{code}

å¦‚æžœç¼–è¯‘æˆåŠŸï¼Œç³»ç»Ÿä¼šæŠ¥å‡ºç±»ä¼¼ä¸‹é¢çš„ä¿¡æ¯ï¼š
\begin{code}
Output written on hello_world.dvi (1 page, 232 bytes).
Transcript written on hello_world.log.
\end{code}

æ¯ç§~\LaTeX~å‘è¡ŒåŒ…é™„å¸¦ä¸åŒçš„~DVI~æµè§ˆå™¨ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚~MiKTeX~çš„æ˜¯~yapã€‚
\begin{code}
yap hello_world(.dvi)
\end{code}

\section{æ&nbsp;¼å¼åŠå…¶è½¬æ¢}
\subsection{é¡µé¢æè¿°è¯­è¨€}
\label{sec:pdl}
é¡µé¢æè¿°è¯­è¨€ï¼ˆPage Description Languageï¼ŒPDLï¼‰æ˜¯ä¸€ç§åœ¨è¾ƒé«˜å±‚æ¬¡ä¸Šæè¿°å®žé™…è¾“å‡ºç»“æžœçš„è¯­è¨€ã€‚æœ¬æ–‡åªè®¨è®ºå…¶ä¸­ä¸‰ç§ä¸Ž~\LaTeX~ç´§å¯†ç›¸å…³çš„æ&nbsp;¼å¼ï¼šDVIã€PostScriptã€PDFã€‚

\subsubsection{PostScript}
æœ€æ—©çš„æ‰“å°æœºåªç”¨äºŽæ‰“å°å­—ç¬¦ï¼Œå®ƒä½¿ç”¨çš„ç¡¬å­—ç¬¦ä¸Žæ‰“å­—æœºç±»ä¼¼ã€‚åŽæ¥å‡ºçŽ°çš„ç‚¹é˜µï¼ˆdot matrixï¼‰æ‰“å­—æœºç”¨ä¸€ç³»åˆ—çš„ç‚¹æ¥â€œç”»â€å‡ºå­—ç¬¦ï¼Œå½“ç„¶å®ƒä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç”»å‡ºå›¾å½¢ã€‚å½“æ—¶çŸ¢é‡å›¾çš„æ‰“å°åªèƒ½ç”±ç»˜å›¾ä»ªï¼ˆplotterï¼‰æ¥å®Œæˆã€‚

1976~å¹´ï¼Œæ–½ä¹ï¼ˆXeroxï¼‰æŽ¨å‡ºäº†é¦–å°æ¿€å…‰æ‰“å°æœºï¼Œå®ƒç»“åˆäº†ç‚¹é˜µæ‰“å°æœºå’Œç»˜å›¾ä»ªçš„ä¼˜ç‚¹ï¼Œå¯ä»¥åŒæ—¶æ‰“å°é«˜è´¨é‡çš„å›¾å½¢å’Œæ–‡å­—ã€‚

åŒä¸€æ—¶æœŸï¼ŒJohn Warnock~ä¹Ÿåœ¨é…é…¿ä¸€ç§ç±»ä¼¼äºŽ~Forth~çš„å›¾å½¢è®¾è®¡è¯­è¨€ï¼Œä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯åŽæ¥çš„~PostScriptï¼ˆPSï¼‰ï¼Œå½“æ—¶ä»–æ­£åœ¨æ—§é‡‘å±±ä¸€å®¶ç”µè„‘å›¾å½¢å…¬å¸~Evans \&amp; Sutherland~å·¥ä½œã€‚1978~å¹´è€æ¿æƒ³è®©~Warnock~æ¬åˆ°ä½äºŽçŠ¹ä»–å·žçš„æ€»éƒ¨ï¼Œä»–ä¸æƒ³æ¬å®¶å°±è·³æ§½åˆ°äº†æ–½ä¹ã€‚

Warnock~å’Œ~Martin Newell~å¼€å‘äº†æ–°çš„å›¾å½¢ç³»ç»Ÿ~JaMï¼ˆJohn and Martinï¼‰ï¼Œå®ƒåŽæ¥è¢«åˆå¹¶åˆ°æ–½ä¹çš„æ‰“å°æœºé©±åŠ¨ç¨‹åº~InterPress~ä¸­åŽ»ã€‚è¿™ä¸¤ä½è¿˜å¼€å‘è¿‡å¦ä¸€ä¸ªç³»ç»Ÿ~MaJã€‚

1982~å¹´ï¼ŒWarnock~å’Œæ–½ä¹ç&nbsp;”ç©¶ä¸­å¿ƒå›¾å½¢å®žéªŒå®¤ä¸»ä»»~Chuck Geschke~ä¸€èµ·ç¦»å¼€æ–½ä¹ï¼Œæˆç«‹äº†~Adobe~å…¬å¸ã€‚Newell~åŽæ¥ä¹ŸåŠ&nbsp;å…¥äº†~Adobeã€‚

1984~å¹´~Adobe~å‘å¸ƒ~PS~åŽä¸ä¹…ï¼ŒSteve Jobs~è·‘æ¥å‚è§‚ï¼Œå¹¶å»ºè®®ç”¨å®ƒæ¥é©±åŠ¨æ¿€å…‰æ‰“å°æœºã€‚æ¬¡å¹´ï¼Œæ­¦è£…ç€~PS~é©±åŠ¨çš„~Apple LaserWriter~æ¨ªç©ºå‡ºä¸–ï¼Œæ‰“å“äº†~80~å¹´ä»£ä¸­æœŸæ¡Œé¢å‡ºç‰ˆé©å‘½çš„ç¬¬ä¸€æžªã€‚

90~å¹´ä»£ä¸­åŽæœŸï¼Œå»‰ä»·å–·å¢¨æ‰“å°æœºçš„æµè¡Œä½¿å¾—~PS~é€æ¸å¼å¾®ï¼Œå›&nbsp;ä¸º~PS~é©±åŠ¨å¯¹å®ƒä»¬æ¯•ç«Ÿæ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªæˆæœ¬è´Ÿæ‹…ã€‚

\subsubsection{PDF}
1993~å¹´ï¼ŒAdobe~æŽ¨å‡ºäº†ä¸€ç§å¼€æ”¾çš„æ&nbsp;¼å¼ï¼šPortable Document Formatï¼ˆPDFï¼‰ï¼Œå®ƒäºŽ~2007~å¹´æˆä¸º~ISO 32000~æ&nbsp;‡å‡†ã€‚é™¤äº†å¼€æ”¾ï¼ŒPDF~æ¯”èµ·~PS~è¿˜æœ‰ä¸€äº›å…¶å®ƒä¼˜åŠ¿ï¼š
\begin{itemize}
    \item PDF~åŸºæœ¬ä¸Šæ˜¯~PS~çš„ä¸€ä¸ªå­é›†ï¼Œå›&nbsp;æ­¤æ›´è½»ä¾¿ã€‚
    \item PDF~å¯ä»¥åµŒå…¥æ›´å…ˆè¿›çš„å­—ä½“ï¼Œå…·ä½“è§\ref{sec:font}èŠ‚ã€‚
    \item PDF~æ”¯æŒåµŒå…¥ä¹±ä¸ƒå…«ç³Ÿçš„ä¸œä¸œï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚åŠ¨ç”»ã€‚
    \item PDF~æ”¯æŒé€æ˜Žå›¾å½¢ã€‚
\end{itemize}

PDF~è™½ç„¶æ‹¥æœ‰ä¸Šè¿°ä¼˜åŠ¿ï¼Œèµ·åˆå®ƒçš„æŽ¨å¹¿å´å¹¶ä¸é¡ºåˆ©ï¼Œå›&nbsp;ä¸ºå…¶è¯»å†™å·¥å…·~Acrobat~å¤ªè´µã€‚Adobe~å¾ˆå¿«æŽ¨å‡ºäº†å…è´¹çš„~Acrobat Readerï¼ˆåŽæ›´åä¸º~Adobe Readerï¼‰ï¼Œå¹¶ä¸æ–­æ”¹è¿›~PDFï¼Œç»ˆäºŽä½¿å®ƒè¶…è¶Šäº†æ›¾ç»çš„äº‹å®žæ&nbsp;‡å‡†~PSï¼Œæˆä¸ºç½‘ç»œæ—¶ä»£ç”µå­æ–‡æ¡£çš„æ–°æ&nbsp;‡å‡†ã€‚

\subsubsection{DVI}
\label{sec:dvi}
Knuth~æœ€åˆè®¾è®¡çš„~\TeX~åªèƒ½ç”¨äºŽ~XGP~æ‰“å°æœºï¼Œè¿™å°æ‰“å°æœºæœ¬èº«è¿˜éœ€è¦ä¸€å°~PDP-6~ä¸»æœºä¸ºå®ƒæœåŠ¡ã€‚1979~å¹´ï¼ŒDavid Fuchs\footnote{Fuchs~æœ¬ç§‘æ¯•ä¸šäºŽæ™®æž—æ–¯é¡¿ï¼Œ1978~å¹´è¿›å…¥æ–¯å¦ç¦æ”»è¯»åšå£«å­¦ä½ã€‚ä»–ä¸æ˜¯~Knuth~çš„å­¦ç”Ÿï¼Œä½†æ˜¯å®Œæˆè¿‡ä¸€äº›~\TeX~çš„å¼€å‘ä»»åŠ¡ã€‚ä»–åœ¨~Adobe~å·¥ä½œè¿‡ä¸€æ®µæ—¶é—´ï¼ŒçŽ°åœ¨æ··å…¥äº†å¨±ä¹åœˆï¼Œæ‹…ä»»è¿‡ç”µå½±ã€ŠRed Diaper Babyã€‹å’Œã€ŠHaiku Tunnelã€‹çš„åˆ¶ç‰‡äººã€‚}æå‡ºæŠŠ~\TeX~çš„è¾“å‡ºæ”¹ä¸ºè®¾å¤‡æ—&nbsp;å…³çš„æ&nbsp;¼å¼ï¼Œä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯~Device Independent formatï¼ˆDVIï¼‰ã€‚

DVI~åªæ˜¯ä¸€ç§ä¸­é—´æ&nbsp;¼å¼ï¼Œç”¨æˆ·è¿˜éœ€è¦å¦å¤–çš„å¤„ç†ç¨‹åºï¼ˆdriverï¼‰æŠŠå®ƒè½¬æ¢ä¸ºå…¶å®ƒæ&nbsp;¼å¼ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚~PS~æˆ–~PDF~ï¼Œç”šè‡³~PNGã€SVG~ç­‰ã€‚DVI~ä¸èƒ½åµŒå…¥å­—ä½“å’Œå›¾å½¢ï¼ŒPS~å’Œ~PDF~å¯ä»¥é€‰æ‹©æ˜¯å¦åµŒå…¥å­—ä½“ã€‚

\subsubsection{Ghostscript}
\label{sec:ghostscript}
PS~è¾“å‡ºæ—¶éœ€è¦ä¸€ä¸ªè§£é‡Šå™¨ï¼ˆRaster Image Processorï¼ŒRIPï¼‰æ¥æŠŠå®ƒè½¬æ¢ä¸ºç‚¹é˜µå›¾å½¢ã€‚RIP~å¯ä»¥æ˜¯è½¯ä»¶ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥æ˜¯å›ºä»¶ï¼ˆfirmwareï¼‰æˆ–ç¡¬ä»¶\footnote{å›ºä»¶~RIP~åœ¨æ‰“å°æœºå†…ç½®å¤„ç†å™¨ä¸Šè¿è¡Œï¼Œç¡¬ä»¶~RIP~å¸¸è§äºŽé«˜ç«¯æ‰“å°è®¾å¤‡ã€‚}ã€‚

Ghostscript~æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªåŸºäºŽ~RIP~çš„è½¯ä»¶åŒ…ï¼Œé™¤äº†~RIP~å®ƒè¿˜æœ‰ä¸€äº›å…¶å®ƒåŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚å¤„ç†~EPSï¼ŒæŠŠ~PS~è½¬æ¢ä¸º~PDF~ç­‰ã€‚Ghostscript~å·²ç»è¢«ç§»æ¤åˆ°~Windowsã€Unix/Linuxã€Mac OS~ç­‰å¤šç§æ“ä½œç³»ç»Ÿï¼Œå’Œå®ƒåŒ¹é…çš„å‰ç«¯å›¾å½¢ç”¨æˆ·ç•Œé¢ï¼ˆGUIï¼‰æœ‰\href{http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/}{GSviewã€Ghostviewã€gv}ç­‰ã€‚

\subsection{æ&nbsp;¼å¼è½¬æ¢}
\label{sec:convert_format}
DVIã€PSã€PDF~ç­‰æ&nbsp;¼å¼çš„çš„è½¬æ¢å…³ç³»å¦‚\Fref{fig:convert_format}æ‰€ç¤ºã€‚

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[box] (tex) {.tex};
    \node[box] (dvi) [right=5 of tex] {.dvi};
    \node[box] (pdf) [right=6 of dvi] {.pdf};
    \node[box] (ps) [above=3 of pdf] {.ps};
    \path (tex) edge [arrow] node[auto] {latex} (dvi)
        (dvi) edge [arrow] node[auto] {dvipdfm} (pdf)
        (dvi.north) [arrow,draw] to node[above,sloped] {dvips} (ps.west)
        (ps) edge [arrow] node[right] {ps2pdf} (pdf)
        (tex) edge [arrow,bloop] (pdf);
    \node [below=.7 of dvi] {pdflatex};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{æ&nbsp;¼å¼è½¬æ¢}
\label{fig:convert_format}
\end{figure}

æœ€æ—©çš„~driver~æ˜¯~\verb|dvips|ï¼Œå®ƒæŠŠ~DVI~è½¬æ¢ä¸º~PSã€‚\verb|dvipdf|~æŠŠ~DVI~è½¬ä¸º~PDFï¼Œå®ƒåŽæ¥è¢«~\verb|dvipdfm|~æ‰€å–ä»£ï¼›\verb|dvipdfm|~ä¸»è¦ç”¨äºŽå¤„ç†å•å­—èŠ‚å­—ç¬¦ï¼Œ1999~å¹´ä¹‹åŽåœæ­¢å¼€å‘ï¼›åœ¨~\verb|dvipdfm|~åŸºç¡€ä¸Šå‘å±•æ¥çš„~\verb|dvipdfmx|~å¯ä»¥å¤„ç†å¤šå­—èŠ‚ç¼–ç&nbsp;ï¼ˆå­—ç¬¦ç¼–ç&nbsp;è¯¦è§\ref{sec:encoding}èŠ‚ï¼‰ã€‚

pdf\TeX~æ˜¯ä¸€ç§ç‰¹æ®Šçš„driverï¼Œå®ƒè·³è¿‡~DVIï¼Œç›´æŽ¥ç”¨~\TeX~æºæ–‡ä»¶ç”Ÿæˆ~PDFã€‚åŸºäºŽ~pdf\TeX~çš„~pdf\LaTeX~åˆ™æŠŠ\LaTeX~æºæ–‡ä»¶è½¬ä¸º~PDFã€‚

åŒ…è€å¸ˆå€¾å‘äºŽ~\verb|dvipdfmx|ï¼Œå›&nbsp;ä¸ºå®ƒå¯¹å›¾å½¢æ&nbsp;¼å¼çš„å…¼å®¹æ€§è¾ƒå¥½ï¼Œè€Œä¸”æ“…é•¿å¤„ç†ä¸­æ–‡ã€‚

å¾—åˆ°~DVI~åŽï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬å¯ä»¥åœ¨æŽ§åˆ¶å°ç”¨ä»¥ä¸‹å‘½ä»¤æŠŠå®ƒè½¬ä¸º~PDFã€‚
\begin{code}
dvipdfm hello_world(.dvi)
\end{code}

æˆ‘ä»¬ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥æŠŠå®ƒè½¬ä¸º~PSï¼ŒæŽ¥ç€ç”¨~Ghostscript~çš„ä¸€ä¸ªå‘½ä»¤è¡Œç¨‹åºæŠŠå®ƒè½¬æ¢ä¸º~PDFï¼Œæ³¨æ„ç¬¬äºŒä¸ªå‘½ä»¤éœ€è¦~\verb|.ps|~åŽç¼€ã€‚ä¸€èˆ¬æƒ…å†µä¸‹ä¸æŽ¨èè¿™ç§æ–¹æ³•ï¼Œå›&nbsp;ä¸ºå®ƒå¤šäº†ä¸ªæ­¥éª¤ã€‚
\begin{code}
dvips hello_world(.dvi)
ps2pdf hello_world.ps
\end{code}

pdf\LaTeX~ç”¨æ³•å¦‚ä¸‹ã€‚
\begin{code}
pdflatex hello_world(.tex)
\end{code}

\section{\LaTeX~è¯­å¥}
\LaTeX~æºæ–‡ä»¶çš„æ¯ä¸€è¡Œç§°ä½œä¸€æ¡è¯­å¥ï¼ˆstatementï¼‰ï¼Œè¯­å¥å¯ä»¥åˆ†ä¸‰ç§ï¼šå‘½ä»¤ï¼ˆcommandï¼‰ã€æ•°æ®ï¼ˆdataï¼‰å’Œæ³¨é‡Šï¼ˆcommentï¼‰ã€‚

å‘½ä»¤åˆ†ä¸ºä¸¤ç§ï¼šæ™®é€šå‘½ä»¤å’ŒçŽ¯å¢ƒï¼ˆenvironmentï¼‰ã€‚æ™®é€šå‘½ä»¤ä»¥\verb|\|~èµ·å§‹ï¼Œå¤§å¤šåªæœ‰ä¸€è¡Œï¼›è€ŒçŽ¯å¢ƒåŒ…å«ä¸€å¯¹èµ·å§‹å£°æ˜Žå’Œç»“å°¾å£°æ˜Žï¼Œç”¨äºŽå¤šè¡Œçš„åœºåˆã€‚å‘½ä»¤å’ŒçŽ¯å¢ƒå¯ä»¥äº’ç›¸åµŒå¥—ã€‚

æ•°æ®å°±æ˜¯æ™®é€šå†…å®¹ã€‚æ³¨é‡Šè¯­å¥ä»¥~\verb|%|~èµ·å§‹ï¼Œå®ƒåœ¨ç¼–è¯‘è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸­è¢«å¿½ç•¥ã€‚

ä¾‹å¦‚åœ¨\ref{sec:hello_world}èŠ‚ä¾‹1ä¸­ï¼Œç¬¬ä¸€è¡Œæ˜¯æ³¨é‡Šï¼Œç¬¬äºŒè¡Œæ˜¯æ™®é€šå‘½ä»¤ï¼›ç¬¬ä¸‰ã€äº”è¡Œæ˜¯çŽ¯å¢ƒçš„èµ·å§‹å’Œç»“å°¾å£°æ˜Žï¼›ç¬¬å››è¡Œæ˜¯æ•°æ®ã€‚

\section{æ–‡æ¡£ç»“æž„}
\subsection{æ–‡æ¡£ç±»ã€åºè¨€ã€æ­£æ–‡}
\LaTeX~æºæ–‡ä»¶çš„ç»“æž„åˆ†ä¸‰å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼Œä¾æ¬¡ä¸ºï¼šæ–‡æ¡£ç±»å£°æ˜Žã€åºè¨€ï¼ˆå¯é€‰ï¼‰ã€æ­£æ–‡ã€‚

æ–‡æ¡£ç±»å£°æ˜Žç”¨æ¥æŒ‡å®šæ–‡æ¡£çš„ç±»åž‹ï¼›åºè¨€ï¼ˆpreambleï¼‰ç”¨æ¥å®Œæˆä¸€äº›ç‰¹æ®Šä»»åŠ¡ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚å¼•å…¥å®åŒ…ï¼Œå®šä¹‰å‘½ä»¤ï¼Œè®¾ç½®çŽ¯å¢ƒç­‰ï¼›æ–‡æ¡£çš„å®žé™…å†…å®¹åˆ™æ”¾åœ¨æ­£æ–‡éƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚è¿™é‡Œçš„æ­£æ–‡æŒ‡å¾—æ˜¯\verb|\begin{document}|å’Œ\verb|\end|~\verb|{document}|ä¹‹é—´çš„éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼Œå’Œé€šå¸¸äººä»¬å¿ƒç›®ä¸­çš„â€œæ­£æ–‡â€æ¦‚å¿µæœ‰æ‰€å‡ºå…¥ã€‚

è¿™ä¸‰éƒ¨åˆ†çš„åŸºæœ¬è¯­æ³•å¦‚ä¸‹ï¼š
\begin{code}
\documentclass[options]{class}  %æ–‡æ¡£ç±»å£°æ˜Ž
\usepackage[options]{package}   %å¼•å…¥å®åŒ…
...
\begin{document}                %æ­£æ–‡
...
\end{document}
\end{code}

å¸¸ç”¨çš„æ–‡æ¡£ç±»ï¼ˆdocumentclassï¼‰æœ‰ä¸‰ç§ï¼š\verb|articleã€reportã€book|ï¼Œå®ƒä»¬çš„å¸¸ç”¨é€‰é¡¹è§\fref{tab:class_options}ã€‚

\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{æ–‡æ¡£ç±»å¸¸ç”¨é€‰é¡¹}
\label{tab:class_options}
\begin{tabularx}{350pt}{lX}
    \toprule
    10pt, 11pt, 12pt &amp; æ­£æ–‡å­—å·ï¼Œç¼ºçœ10ptã€‚\LaTeX~ä¼šæ&nbsp;¹æ®æ­£æ–‡å­—å·é€‰æ‹©æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜ã€ä¸Šä¸‹æ&nbsp;‡ç­‰çš„å­—å·ã€‚\\
    letterpaper, a4paper &amp; çº¸å¼&nbsp;å°ºå¯¸ï¼Œç¼ºçœæ˜¯~letterã€‚\\
    notitlepage, titlepage &amp; æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜åŽæ˜¯å¦å¦èµ·æ–°é¡µã€‚article~ç¼ºçœ~notitlepageï¼Œreport~å’Œ~book~ç¼ºçœæœ‰~titlepageã€‚\\
    onecolumn, twocolumn &amp; æ&nbsp;æ•°ï¼Œç¼ºçœå•æ&nbsp;ã€‚\\
    oneside, twoside &amp; å•é¢åŒé¢ã€‚article~å’Œ~report~ç¼ºçœå•é¢ï¼Œbook~ç¼ºçœåŒé¢ã€‚\\
    landscape &amp; æ‰“å°æ–¹å‘æ¨ªå‘ï¼Œç¼ºçœçºµå‘ã€‚\\
    openany, openright &amp; æ­¤é€‰é¡¹åªç”¨äºŽ~report~å’Œ~bookã€‚report~ç¼ºçœ~openany~ï¼Œbook~ç¼ºçœ~openrightã€‚\\
    draft &amp; è‰ç¨¿æ¨¡å¼ã€‚æœ‰æ—¶æŸäº›è¡ŒæŽ’å¾—è¿‡æ»¡ï¼Œdraft~æ¨¡å¼å¯ä»¥åœ¨å®ƒä»¬å³è¾¹æ&nbsp;‡ä¸Šç²—é»‘çº¿æé†’ç”¨æˆ·ã€‚\\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\LaTeX~çš„æ&nbsp;¸å¿ƒåªæä¾›åŸºæœ¬çš„åŠŸèƒ½ï¼Œç³»ç»Ÿä»¥å®åŒ…ï¼ˆpackageï¼‰çš„å½¢å¼æä¾›é™„åŠ&nbsp;åŠŸèƒ½æˆ–å¢žå¼ºåŽŸæœ‰åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚å…¶å®ƒä¸€äº›ç¼–ç¨‹è¯­è¨€ä¹Ÿæœ‰ç±»ä¼¼çš„æ¨¡å—åŒ–æœºåˆ¶ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚~C/C++~çš„~\verb|#include|ï¼ŒJava~çš„~\verb|import|ã€‚

\subsection{æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜ã€æ‘˜è¦ã€ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚}


ä¸€ä»½æ–‡æ¡£æ­£æ–‡éƒ¨åˆ†çš„å¼€å¤´é€šå¸¸æœ‰æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜ã€ä½œè€…ã€æ‘˜è¦ç­‰ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œä¹‹åŽæ˜¯ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚ç­‰å±‚æ¬¡ç»“æž„ï¼Œå†…å®¹åˆ™æ•£å¸ƒäºŽå±‚æ¬¡ç»“æž„ä¹‹é—´ã€‚

æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜ã€ä½œè€…ã€æ—¥æœŸç­‰å‘½ä»¤å¦‚ä¸‹ï¼Œæ³¨æ„\verb|\maketitle|~å‘½ä»¤è¦æ”¾åœ¨æœ€åŽã€‚
\begin{code}
\title{æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜}
\author{ä½œè€…}
\today
\maketitle
\end{code}

æ‘˜è¦çŽ¯å¢ƒç”¨æ³•å¦‚ä¸‹ï¼š
\begin{code}
\begin{abstract}
...
\end{abstract}
\end{code}

å¸¸ç”¨çš„å±‚æ¬¡ç»“æž„å‘½ä»¤å¦‚ä¸‹ï¼Œ
\begin{code}
\chapter{...}
\section{...}
\subsection{...}
\subsubsection{...}
\end{code}

æ¯ä¸ªé«˜çº§å±‚æ¬¡å¯ä»¥åŒ…å«è‹¥å¹²ä½Žçº§å±‚æ¬¡ã€‚\verb|article|~ä¸­æ²¡æœ‰~\verb|chapter|ï¼Œè€Œ~\verb|report|~å’Œ~\verb|book|~åˆ™æ”¯æŒä¸Šé¢æ‰€æœ‰å±‚æ¬¡ã€‚

\subsection{ç›®å½•}

æˆ‘ä»¬å¯ä»¥ç”¨~\verb|\tableofcontents|~å‘½ä»¤æ¥ç”Ÿæˆæ•´ä¸ªæ–‡æ¡£çš„ç›®å½•ï¼Œ\LaTeX~ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨è®¾å®šç›®å½•åŒ…å«çš„ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚å±‚æ¬¡ï¼Œä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç”¨~\verb|\setcounter|~å‘½ä»¤æ¥æŒ‡å®šç›®å½•å±‚æ¬¡æ·±åº¦ã€‚
\begin{code}
\tableofcontents
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
\end{code}

å¦‚æžœä¸æƒ³è®©æŸä¸ªç«&nbsp;èŠ‚æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜å‡ºçŽ°åœ¨ç›®å½•ä¸­ï¼Œå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä»¥ä¸‹å¸¦~\verb|*|~çš„å‘½ä»¤æ¥å£°æ˜Žç«&nbsp;èŠ‚ã€‚
\begin{code}
\chapter*{...}
\section*{...}
\subsection*{...}
\end{code}

ç±»ä¼¼åœ°ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç”¨ä»¥ä¸‹å‘½ä»¤ç”Ÿæˆæ’å›¾å’Œè¡¨æ&nbsp;¼çš„ç›®å½•ï¼Œæ’å›¾å’Œè¡¨æ&nbsp;¼åŠŸèƒ½å°†åœ¨åŽé¢ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚ä¸­ä»‹ç»ã€‚

\begin{code}
\listoffigures
\listoftables
\end{code}

å½“ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚æˆ–å›¾è¡¨ç­‰ç»“æž„å‘ç”Ÿå˜åŒ–æ—¶ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬éœ€è¦æ‰§è¡Œä¸¤éç¼–è¯‘å‘½ä»¤ä»¥èŽ·å¾—æ­£ç¡®ç»“æžœã€‚\LaTeX~ä¹‹æ‰€ä»¥è®¾è®¡æˆè¿™æ&nbsp;·å¯èƒ½æ˜¯å›&nbsp;ä¸ºå½“æ—¶çš„ç”µè„‘å†…å­˜å®¹é‡æœ‰é™ã€‚

\section{æ–‡å­—æŽ’ç‰ˆ}
\subsection{å­—ç¬¦è¾“å…¥}
æ–‡æ¡£ä¸­å¯ä»¥è¾“å…¥çš„å†…å®¹å¤§è‡´å¯ä»¥åˆ†ä¸ºï¼šæ™®é€šå­—ç¬¦ã€æŽ§åˆ¶ç¬¦ã€ç‰¹æ®Šç¬¦å·ã€æ³¨éŸ³ç¬¦å·ã€é¢„å®šä¹‰å­—ç¬¦ä¸²ç­‰ã€‚è€Œè¿™äº›å†…å®¹æœ‰ä¸¤ç§è¾“å…¥æ¨¡å¼ï¼šæ–‡æœ¬æ¨¡å¼ï¼ˆç¼ºçœï¼‰å’Œæ•°å­¦æ¨¡å¼ï¼Œæ™®é€šçš„è¡Œé—´ï¼ˆinlineï¼‰æ•°å­¦æ¨¡å¼ç”¨\verb|\$...\$|æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºã€‚

\LaTeX~ä¸­æœ‰äº›å­—ç¬¦ï¼ˆä¾‹å¦‚~\verb|# $ % ^ &amp; _ { } ~ \|~ç­‰ï¼‰è¢«ç”¨ä½œç‰¹æ®Šçš„æŽ§åˆ¶ç¬¦ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä¸èƒ½ç›´æŽ¥è¾“å…¥ï¼Œå¤šæ•°éœ€è¦åœ¨å‰é¢åŠ&nbsp;ä¸ª~\verb|\|ã€‚è€Œ~\verb|\|~æœ¬èº«åˆ™è¦ç”¨~\verb|\textbackslash|~å‘½ä»¤æ¥è¾“å…¥ï¼Œå›&nbsp;ä¸º~\verb|\\|~è¢«ç”¨ä½œäº†æ¢è¡ŒæŒ‡ä»¤ã€‚å¾ˆå¥‡æ€ªä¸ºä»€ä¹ˆä¸ç”¨~C~è¯­è¨€çš„~\verb|\n|ï¼Œä¹Ÿè®¸æ˜¯å›&nbsp;ä¸º~\TeX~çš„ç¼–ç¨‹è¯­è¨€æ˜¯~Pascalã€‚

\begin{code}
\# \$ \% \^{} \&amp; \_ \{ \} \~{} \textbackslash
\end{code}

\Fref{tab:symbol}~æä¾›äº†ä¸€äº›ç¬¦å·çš„è¾“å…¥æ–¹æ³•ç¤ºä¾‹ï¼Œå®Œæ•´çš„ç¬¦å·åˆ—è¡¨è§~Scott Pakinçš„ã€ŠThe Comprehensive \LaTeX~ Symbol Listã€‹\citep{Pakin_2008}ã€‚

\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{ä¸€äº›ç¬¦å·å’Œé¢„å®šä¹‰å­—ç¬¦ä¸²}
\label{tab:symbol}
\begin{tabular}{llllll}
    \toprule
    \multicolumn{2}{c}{ç‰¹æ®Šç¬¦å·} &amp; \multicolumn{2}{c}{æ³¨éŸ³ç¬¦å·} &amp; 
    \multicolumn{2}{c}{é¢„å®šä¹‰å­—ç¬¦ä¸²} \\
    \cmidrule(lr){1-2} \cmidrule(lr){3-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-6}
    \textcopyright  &amp; \verb|\textcopyright|  &amp; \aa &amp; \verb|\aa| &amp; 
        \today &amp; \verb|\today| \\
    \textregistered &amp; \verb|\textregistered| &amp; \AA &amp; \verb|\AA| &amp; 
        \TeX &amp; \verb|\TeX| \\
    $^\circ$C       &amp; \verb|$^\circ$C|       &amp; \ae &amp; \verb|\ae| &amp; 
        \LaTeX &amp; \verb|\LaTeX| \\
    \textyen        &amp; \verb|\textyen|        &amp; \o  &amp; \verb|\o| &amp;
        \LaTeXe &amp; \verb|\LaTeXe| \\
    \pounds         &amp; \verb|\pounds|         &amp; \"o &amp; \verb|\"o| &amp;
        \MF &amp; \verb|\MF| \\
    \texteuro       &amp; \verb|\texteuro|       &amp; \^o &amp; \verb|\^o| &amp;
        \MP &amp; \verb|\MP| \\
    \dots           &amp; \verb|\dots|           &amp; \~o &amp; \verb|\~o| &amp; \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\subsection{æ¢è¡Œã€æ¢é¡µã€æ–­å­—}
é€šå¸¸~\LaTeX~ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨æ¢è¡Œã€æ¢é¡µã€‚ç”¨æˆ·ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç”¨~\verb|\\|~æˆ–~\verb|\newline|~æ¥å¼ºåˆ¶æ¢è¡Œï¼›ç”¨~\verb|\newpage|~æ¥å¼ºåˆ¶æ¢é¡µã€‚

ä¸€èˆ¬æƒ…å†µä¸‹~\LaTeX~ä¼šå°½é‡å‡åŒ€åœ°æ–­å­—ï¼ˆHyphenateï¼‰ï¼Œä½¿å¾—æ¯ä¸€è¡Œçš„å­—é—´è·åˆ†å¸ƒæ•´é½ã€‚ä½†æœ‰æ—¶æˆ‘ä»¬ä¹Ÿéœ€è¦æ˜¾å¼æŒ‡æ˜Žæ–­å­—ä½ç½®ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚ä¸‹ä¾‹å°±æŒ‡æ˜Ž~BASIC~è¿™ä¸ªè¯ä¸èƒ½æ–­å¼€ï¼Œè€Œ~blar-blar-blar~å¯ä»¥åœ¨-å¤„æ–­å¼€ã€‚
\begin{code}
\hyphenation{BASIC blar-blar-blar}
\end{code}

\subsection{å­—æ&nbsp;·ã€å­—å·}

\LaTeX~ä¼šè‡ªåŠ¨è°ƒæ•´æ­£æ–‡ã€æ&nbsp;‡é¢˜ã€ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚ã€ä¸Šä¸‹æ&nbsp;‡ã€è„šæ³¨ç­‰çš„å­—æ&nbsp;·\footnote{å…³äºŽå­—æ&nbsp;·è¯¦è§\ref{sec:typeface}èŠ‚}ã€å­—å·ã€‚æˆ‘ä»¬ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç”¨\fref{tab:typeface_command}ä¸­çš„å‘½ä»¤æ¥è®¾ç½®å­—æ&nbsp;·ï¼›ç”¨\fref{tab:fontsize_command}ä¸­çš„å‘½ä»¤æ¥è®¾ç½®ç›¸å¯¹å­—å·ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚æ­£æ–‡å­—å·æ˜¯~10ptã€11ptã€12pt~æ—¶ï¼Œtinyçš„å­—å·å°±åˆ†åˆ«æ˜¯~5ptã€6ptã€6ptã€‚

\LaTeX~æœ‰ä¸€ä¸ªç‰¹åˆ«çš„å­—æ&nbsp;·å¼ºè°ƒå‘½ä»¤ï¼š\verb|\emph|ï¼Œå®ƒåœ¨ä¸åŒå­—æ&nbsp;·å’Œè£…é¥°çŽ¯å¢ƒä¸‹æœ‰ä¸åŒæ•ˆæžœã€‚æ¯”å¦‚å‘¨å›´æ–‡å­—æ˜¯æ­£ä½“ï¼Œå®ƒå°±æ˜¯æ–œä½“ï¼›åä¹‹å®ƒå°±æ˜¯æ­£ä½“ã€‚

\begin{table}[hbtp]
\centering
\caption{å­—æ&nbsp;·å‘½ä»¤}
\label{tab:typeface_command}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
    \toprule
    \verb|\textrm{...}| &amp; \textrm{roman} &amp; 
    \verb|\textbf{...}| &amp; \textbf{bold face} \\
    \verb|\textsf{...}| &amp; \textsf{sans serif} &amp; 
    \verb|\textit{...}| &amp; \textit{italic} \\
    \verb|\texttt{...}| &amp; \texttt{typewriter} &amp; 
    \verb|\textsl{...}| &amp; \textsl{slanted} \\
    \\
    \verb|\emph{...}|   &amp; \emph{emphasized} &amp; 
    \verb|\underline{...}|  &amp; \underline{underline} \\
    \verb|\textsc{...}| &amp; \textsc{Small Caps} &amp; &amp; \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{å­—å·å‘½ä»¤}
\label{tab:fontsize_command}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
    \toprule
    &amp; \multicolumn{3}{c}{æ­£æ–‡å­—å·} \\
    \cmidrule(lr){2-4}
    å‘½ä»¤ &amp; 10pt &amp; 11pt &amp; 12pt \\
    \midrule
    \verb|\tiny|         &amp; 5pt  &amp; 6pt  &amp; 6pt \\
    \verb|\scriptsize|   &amp; 7pt  &amp; 8pt  &amp; 8pt \\
    \verb|\footnotesize| &amp; 8pt  &amp; 9pt  &amp; 10pt \\
    \verb|\small|        &amp; 9pt  &amp; 10pt &amp; 11pt \\
    \verb|\normalsize|   &amp; 10pt &amp; 11pt &amp; 12pt \\
    \verb|\large|        &amp; 12pt &amp; 12pt &amp; 14pt \\
    \verb|\Large|        &amp; 14pt &amp; 14pt &amp; 17pt \\
    \verb|\LARGE|        &amp; 17pt &amp; 17pt &amp; 20pt \\
    \verb|\huge|         &amp; 20pt &amp; 20pt &amp; 25pt \\
    \verb|\Huge|         &amp; 25pt &amp; 25pt &amp; 25pt \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\section{å¸¸ç”¨å‘½ä»¤çŽ¯å¢ƒ}
\subsection{åˆ—è¡¨}

\LaTeX~ä¸­æœ‰ä¸‰ç§åˆ—è¡¨çŽ¯å¢ƒï¼š\verb|itemizeã€enumerateã€description|ï¼Œå®ƒä»¬çš„ä¸€èˆ¬ç”¨æ³•å¦‚ä¸‹ï¼š

\begin{demo}
\begin{itemize}
    \item C++
    \item Java
    \item HTML
\end{itemize}
\end{demo}

\begin{demo}
\begin{enumerate}
    \item C++
    \item Java
    \item HTML
\end{enumerate}
\end{demo}

\begin{demo}
\begin{description}
    \item{C++} ä¸€ç§ç¼–ç¨‹è¯­è¨€
    \item{Java} å¦ä¸€ç§ç¼–ç¨‹è¯­è¨€
    \item{HTML} ä¸€ç§æ&nbsp;‡è®°è¯­è¨€
\end{description}
\end{demo}

\subsection{å¯¹é½}
\LaTeX~ä¸­çš„æ®µè½ç¼ºçœä¸¤ç«¯å¯¹é½ï¼ˆfully justifiedï¼‰ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥è®©æ®µè½å±…å·¦ã€å±…å³æˆ–å±…ä¸­å¯¹é½ã€‚

\begin{demo}
\begin{flushleft}
æœ¬æ®µè½\\
å±…å·¦
\end{flushleft}
\end{demo}

\begin{demo}
\begin{flushright}
æœ¬æ®µè½\\
å±…å³
\end{flushright}
\end{demo}

\begin{demo}
\begin{center}
æœ¬æ®µè½\\
å±…ä¸­
\end{center}
\end{demo}

\subsection{æ‘˜å½•}
\LaTeX~ä¸­æœ‰ä¸‰ç§æ‘˜å½•çŽ¯å¢ƒï¼š\verb|quoteã€quotationã€verse|ã€‚\verb|quote|~ä¸¤ç«¯éƒ½ç¼©è¿›ï¼Œ\verb|quotation|~åœ¨~\verb|quote|~çš„åŸºç¡€ä¸Šå¢žåŠ&nbsp;äº†é¦–è¡Œç¼©è¿›ï¼Œ\verb|verse|~æ¯”~\verb|quote|~å¤šäº†ç¬¬äºŒè¡Œèµ·çš„ç¼©è¿›ã€‚

\begin{demo}
æ­£æ–‡
\begin{quote}
å¼•æ–‡ä¸¤ç«¯éƒ½ç¼©è¿›ã€‚
\end{quote}
æ­£æ–‡
\end{demo}

\begin{demo}
æ­£æ–‡
\begin{quotation}
å¼•æ–‡ä¸¤ç«¯ç¼©è¿›ï¼Œé¦–è¡Œç¼©è¿›ã€‚
\end{quotation}
æ­£æ–‡
\end{demo}

\begin{demo}
æ­£æ–‡
\begin{verse}
å¼•æ–‡ä¸¤ç«¯ç¼©è¿›ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒè¡Œèµ·ç¼©è¿›ã€‚
\end{verse}
æ­£æ–‡
\end{demo}

\subsection{åŽŸæ–‡ç…§æŽ’}
ä¸€èˆ¬æ–‡æ¡£ä¸­ï¼Œå‘½ä»¤å’Œæºä»£ç&nbsp;é€šå¸¸ä½¿ç”¨ç­‰å®½å­—æ&nbsp;·æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºï¼Œä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯åŽŸæ–‡ç…§æŽ’ã€‚å¯¹æ­¤~\LaTeX~æä¾›äº†~\verb|\verb|~å‘½ä»¤ï¼ˆä¸€èˆ¬ç”¨äºŽåœ¨æ­£æ–‡ä¸­æ’å…¥è¾ƒçŸ­çš„å‘½ä»¤ï¼‰å’Œ~\verb|verbatim|~çŽ¯å¢ƒã€‚åŽè€…æœ‰å¸¦~\verb|*|~çš„ç‰ˆæœ¬ç”¨æ¥æ&nbsp;‡æ˜Žç©ºæ&nbsp;¼ã€‚

\begin{demo}
æ­£æ–‡ä¸­æ’å…¥\verb|command|
\begin{verbatim}
printf("Hello, world!");
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim*}
printf("Hello, world!");
\end{verbatim*}
\end{demo}

\subsection{äº¤å‰å¼•ç”¨}
æˆ‘ä»¬å¸¸å¸¸éœ€è¦å¼•ç”¨æ–‡æ¡£ä¸­~\verb|sectionã€subsectionã€figureã€table|~ç­‰å¯¹è±¡çš„ç¼–å·ï¼Œè¿™ç§åŠŸèƒ½å«ä½œäº¤å‰å¼•ç”¨ï¼ˆcross referencingï¼‰ã€‚

\LaTeX~ä¸­å¯ä»¥ç”¨~\verb|\label{marker}|~å‘½ä»¤æ¥å®šä¹‰ä¸€ä¸ªæ&nbsp;‡è®°ï¼Œæ&nbsp;‡è®°åå¯ä»¥æ˜¯ä»»æ„å­—ç¬¦ä¸²ï¼Œä½†æ˜¯åœ¨å…¨æ–‡ä¸­é¡»ä¿æŒå”¯ä¸€ã€‚ä¹‹åŽå¯ä»¥ç”¨~\verb|\ref{marker}|~å‘½ä»¤æ¥å¼•ç”¨æ&nbsp;‡è®°å¤„ç«&nbsp;èŠ‚æˆ–å›¾è¡¨çš„ç¼–å·ï¼Œç”¨~\verb|\pageref{marker}|~æ¥å¼•ç”¨æ&nbsp;‡è®°å¤„çš„é¡µç&nbsp;ã€‚

\begin{demo}
è¢«å¼•ç”¨å¤„\label{sec}\\
...\\
ç¬¬\pageref{sec}é¡µ\ref{sec}èŠ‚
\end{demo}

æ–‡æ¡£ä¸­æ–°å¢žäº¤å‰å¼•ç”¨åŽï¼Œç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡æ‰§è¡Œ~\verb|latex|~æˆ–~\verb|pdflatex|~ç¼–è¯‘å‘½ä»¤æ—¶ä¼šå¾—åˆ°ç±»ä¼¼ä¸‹é¢çš„è­¦å‘Šä¿¡æ¯ã€‚å›&nbsp;ä¸ºç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡ç¼–è¯‘åªä¼šæ‰«æå‡ºæœ‰äº¤å‰å¼•ç”¨çš„åœ°æ–¹ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒæ¬¡ç¼–è¯‘æ‰èƒ½å¾—åˆ°æ­£ç¡®ç»“æžœã€‚

\begin{code}
LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references.
...
LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed. Rerun to get cross-
references right.
\end{code}

\subsection{è„šæ³¨}
è„šæ³¨ï¼ˆfootnoteï¼‰çš„ä¸€èˆ¬ç”¨æ³•å¦‚ä¸‹:
\begin{demo}
è¿™é‡Œæ˜¯ä¸€æ®µæ­£æ–‡ã€‚\footnote{è¿™é‡Œæ˜¯ä¸€æ®µè„šæ³¨ã€‚}
\end{demo}

\section{é•¿åº¦å•ä½}
\LaTeX~ä¸­çš„å¸¸ç”¨é•¿åº¦å•ä½å¦‚\Fref{tab:unit}~æ‰€ç¤ºã€‚point~æ˜¯ä¸ªä¼&nbsp;ç»Ÿå°åˆ·ä¸šé‡‡ç”¨çš„å•ä½ï¼Œè€Œ~big point~æ˜¯~Adobe~æŽ¨å‡º~PS~æ—¶æ–°å®šä¹‰çš„å•ä½ã€‚em~æ˜¯ä¸ªç›¸å¯¹å•ä½ï¼Œæ¯”å¦‚å½“å‰å­—ä½“æ˜¯~11pt~æ—¶ï¼Œ1em~å°±æ˜¯~11ptã€‚
\begin{table}[htbp]
\caption{å¸¸ç”¨é•¿åº¦å•ä½}
\label{tab:unit}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{llllll}
    \toprule
    in &amp; è‹±å¯¸ &amp; pt &amp; point, 1/72.27 in  &amp; em &amp; å½“å‰å­—ä½“ä¸­å­—æ¯Mçš„å®½åº¦ \\
    cm &amp; åŽ˜ç±³ &amp; bp &amp; big point, 1/72 in &amp; ex &amp; å½“å‰å­—ä½“ä¸­å­—æ¯xçš„é«˜åº¦ \\
    mm &amp; æ¯«ç±³ &amp; pc &amp; pica, 12 pt        &amp; mu &amp; math unitï¼Œ1/18 em \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\section{ç›’å­}
\LaTeX~åœ¨æŽ’ç‰ˆæ—¶æŠŠæ¯ä¸ªå¯¹è±¡ï¼ˆå°åˆ°ä¸€ä¸ªå­—æ¯ï¼Œå¤§åˆ°ä¸€ä¸ªæ®µè½ï¼‰éƒ½è§†ä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªçŸ©å½¢ç›’å­ï¼ˆboxï¼‰ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬åœ¨~HTML~å’Œ~CSS~ä¸­ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥è§åˆ°ç±»ä¼¼çš„æ¨¡åž‹ã€‚

\subsection{mbox~å’Œ~fbox}

\LaTeX~ä¸­æœ€ç®€å•çš„ç›’å­æ˜¯~\verb|\mbox|~å’Œ~\verb|\fbox|ã€‚å‰è€…æŠŠä¸€ç»„å¯¹è±¡ç»„åˆèµ·æ¥ï¼ŒåŽè€…åœ¨æ­¤åŸºç¡€ä¸ŠåŠ&nbsp;äº†ä¸ªè¾¹æ¡†ã€‚
\begin{demo}
\mbox{010 6278 5001}
\fbox{010 6278 5001}
\end{demo}

\subsection{makebox~å’Œ~framebox}
ç¨å¤æ‚çš„~\verb|\makebox|~å’Œ~\verb|\framebox|~æä¾›äº†å®½åº¦å’Œå¯¹é½æ–¹å¼æŽ§åˆ¶é€‰é¡¹ã€‚è¿™é‡Œç”¨~lã€rã€s~åˆ†åˆ«ä»£è¡¨å±…å·¦ã€å±…å³å’Œåˆ†æ•£å¯¹é½ã€‚
\begin{demo}
%è¯­æ³•ï¼š[å®½åº¦][å¯¹é½æ–¹å¼]{å†…å®¹}
\makebox[100pt][l]{å±…å·¦}
\framebox[100pt][r]{å±…å³}
\end{demo}

\subsection{parbox~å’Œ~minipage}
å¤§ä¸€äº›çš„å¯¹è±¡æ¯”å¦‚æ•´ä¸ªæ®µè½å¯ä»¥ç”¨~\verb|\parbox|~å‘½ä»¤å’Œ~\verb|\minipage|~çŽ¯å¢ƒï¼Œä¸¤è€…è¯­æ³•ç±»ä¼¼ï¼Œä¹Ÿæä¾›äº†å¯¹é½æ–¹å¼å’Œå®½åº¦çš„é€‰é¡¹ã€‚ä½†æ˜¯è¿™é‡Œçš„å¯¹é½æ–¹å¼æ˜¯æŒ‡ä¸Žå‘¨å›´å†…å®¹çš„çºµå‘å…³ç³»ï¼Œç”¨~tã€cã€b~åˆ†åˆ«ä»£è¡¨å±…é¡¶ã€å±…ä¸­å’Œå±…åº•å¯¹é½ã€‚

\begin{demo}
%è¯­æ³•ï¼š[å¯¹é½æ–¹å¼]{å®½åº¦}{å†…å®¹}
\parbox[c]{90pt}{é”¦ç‘Ÿæ—&nbsp;ç«¯äº”åå¼¦ï¼Œ\\ä¸€å¼¦ä¸€æŸ±æ€åŽå¹´ã€‚}æŽå•†éš
\end{demo}

ç»†å¿ƒçš„è¯»è€…ä¼šå‘çŽ°~\verb|\parbox|~å’Œ~\verb|\minipage|~çš„é€‰é¡¹æŽ’åˆ—é¡ºåºå’Œ~\verb|\makebox|~å’Œ~\verb~\framebox|~çš„ä¸ä¸€è‡´ï¼Œå¯èƒ½å‡ºè‡ªä¸åŒçš„ä½œè€…ã€‚

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\bibliography{reading}
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